Fact Sheet

事实通告

 

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009: “Buy American” Provisions
《2009年美国复苏与再投资法案》：“购买美国货”条款

 

·         On February 17, 2009, President Obama signed a $787 billion economic stimulus package (the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009). 
2009年2月17日，奥巴马总统签署了7,870亿美元的经济刺激方案（即《2009年美国复苏与再投资法案》）

·         The President has emphasized the importance of avoiding protectionism in responding to the financial crisis and has stated clearly that the U.S. stimulus package will be applied in a manner consistent with U.S. obligations under international agreements.  The President stated:  “I want provisions that are not going to be a violation of World Trade Organization agreements or in other ways signal protectionism.”
奥巴马总统已经强调了避免保护主义在应对金融危机中的重要性，并明确指出经济刺激方案的实施将与美国在国际协议中所承担的义务相一致。总统说：“我要的是不会违反世界贸易组织协议、且不会以其它方式发出保护主义信号的条款。”

·         The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 includes two “buy American” provisions:
《2009年美国复苏与再投资法案》中包含两个“购买美国货”的条款：

o   One provision requires use of U.S.-produced steel, iron and manufactured goods in the public buildings and public works funded by the law.  However, there are exceptions based on public interest, non-availability and unreasonable cost. 
一个条款要求在由本法案出资的公共建筑和公共工程中使用美国生产的钢材、铁和制成品。然而，当基于公众利益的考量、或无法获取、或成本不合理时，可以例外。

o   Another provision requires the Department of Homeland Security to purchase U.S.-manufactured textile and apparel goods.  There are exceptions such as non-availability.
另一条款要求国土安全部购买美国生产的纺织品和服装。在无法获取等情况下可以例外。

·         As called for by President Obama, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 expressly provides that these “buy American” provisions will be applied in a manner consistent with U.S. obligations under international agreements.
正如奥巴马总统所强调的，《2009年美国复苏与再投资法案》明确表述这些“购买美国货”条款的实施将与美国在国际协议中所承担的义务相一致。

·         In accordance with the Trade Agreements Act of 1979, the United States has waived the application of such “buy American” provisions for procurement covered by the WTO Government Procurement Agreement (GPA) and free trade agreements for the parties to those agreements. 
根据《1979年贸易协定法》，美国对在WTO《政府采购协议》(GPA)成员和自由贸易协定国家在这些协议所涵盖的采购中免于适用“购买美国货”条款。

·         The United States also does not apply the “buy American” restrictions to least developed countries (LDCs).
美国也不会对最不发达国家(LDCs)适用“购买美国货”条款中的限制。

·         This means that parties to the GPA and free trade agreements -- as well as LDCs -- are able to compete, with limited exceptions, on an equal basis with U.S. suppliers in U.S. government procurement covered by these agreements.
这意味着GPA成员和与美国签署自由贸易协定的国家，以及LDC国家，除少数例外情况外，能够在这些协议所涵盖的美国政府采购中与美国的供应商在平等基础上参与竞争。

·         When China became a WTO Member in 2002, it committed to join the GPA “as soon as possible.”  In 2007, China began GPA negotiations by tabling an initial offer.  However, GPA parties found there was a wide gap between China’s offer and the procurement covered by other GPA parties.  The parties are currently awaiting a revised offer from China. 2002年成为WTO成员时，中国承诺“尽快”加入GPA。2007年中国开启了加入GPA的谈判，并提交了一份初始出价。然而，GPA成员认为中国的出价与其他GPA成员的采购所涵盖的范围差距很大。GPA成员在等待中国拿出一份修改的出价。

·         When a country joins the GPA, it will gain the same access to U.S. procurement as other GPA parties.
一个国家加入GPA时，她便可以象其他GPA成员那样参与美国政府的采购。