Secretary of Health and Human Services, Michael O. Leavitt
TCM Speech
Beijing, December 10, 2007
President Zheng Shouzeng: Ladies and gentlemen, good afternoon.
It’s a little bit chilly outside in Beijing. However, it’s quite cozy in the conference room, and it’s our great honor to invite the Honorable Michael O. Leavitt, Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, to give us a speech.
At the Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, we have a long heritage. We at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine are greatly honored by your presence. It is a spectacular event in the history of our university.
First I want to mention our special Chinese guests Madam Qu Shihui, Deputy Commissioner of the State Food and Drug Administration. [Applause]. From the State Administration for Chinese medicine. Let me give brief introduction to the Honorable Michael O. Leavitt, Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Mr. Leavitt is from the state of Utah. Mr. Leavitt graduated with a Bachelor’s Degree in Economics and Business from Southern Utah University. He was sworn in as the 22nd Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services on July 26, 2005. Prior to his cabinet service, Mr. Leavitt served as the administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and, before that, as Governor of Utah. While with the EPA, Mr. Leavitt signed clear air rules, and organized a regional cooperative of national significance. Secretary Leavitt is widely recognized as a health-care innovator and reformer.
Next, please welcome the honorable Secretary, Mr. Michael O. Leavitt, to give us a speech.
[Applause].
Secretary Leavitt: It’s my understanding we will be operating with consecutive translation.
Mr. President, distinguished guests, and ladies and gentlemen. I’ve looked forward to our visit today. Traditional Chinese medicine has been an interest of mine for some time. About a year ago, I visited China and spent time in Western China, in various villages, where I had a chance to see the differences between medicine practiced in Beijing and in rural areas. The United States also has large areas of its land mass and population who are in small and rural, hard-to- serve areas, so understanding how medicine is practiced in rural areas of China was very helpful to me, and it added very much to my interest in traditional Chinese medicine.
Following my visit, former Health Minister Gao visited Alaska, which is one of the major areas of our country that are rural and hard to serve. So China and the United States are learning from each other.
Today, I would like to speak to you about two subjects, and then I’d like to have some interaction with you. I would like to talk some about our joint efforts to assure medicines and devices and food and feed purchased between our countries are safe. I will comment briefly on that matter, and then I would like to have a conversation with all of you, and I would invite you to ask me questions; or, if you have things you would like to say to me, this would be a good time to hear them.
[Applause].
Something very basic is changing around the world. In the past, most countries were somewhat self-contained, and were able to produce most of products inside their own country. But with the advent of advanced technology and better transportation, most countries are now able to reach outside their borders to receive many of the things they manufacture and develop. No where is that more true than in the area of food and medicine.
But if food or medicine is derived from a country outside the borders, there is a special responsibility a Government has to assure they are safe. Most countries, including the United States, have a system to assure that food and medicines are safe, but, over the course of the last year or two, there have been more and more incidents where the safety of certain products have been questioned. This is true between the United States and China. There have been products from the United States coming to China that China has questioned the safety of, and, likewise, some that have come from China to the United States on which there has been a question.
So, for the last nearly six months, my Department of the United States Government has been negotiating with various parts of the Chinese Government to develop Agreements that would allow us to work more closely together to assure the safety and effectiveness of drugs and food and feed. We will sign those Agreements tomorrow. That’s the reason that I’m in Beijing.
[Applause].
But it was a very good excuse for me to come to the university today to see what I saw at the clinic and at the museum, and to learn more about traditional Chinese medicine. [Laughter].
May I say about traditional Chinese medicine and its future, the President and I were talking on the way over about how, more and more, we’re seeing the integration of Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine. It is very important that sufficient research is done to validate why traditional Chinese medicine works as it does, so the confidence of Western medicine can be increased, and the use of it expanded.
In the United States, we have much of our medical research done at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The National Institutes of Health actually has a series of researchers from the university that are in residence at NIH, and there are cooperative agreements now between the university and NIH to continue to develop and promote this research.
What I saw in Western China when I visited was how important traditional medicine is to the practice of medicine in China. It’s impractical in many cases for Western medicine to be practiced, particularly with expensive drugs, and it was clear to me why this intersection between Western and traditional Chinese medicine is so important.
I would like to recognize Commissioner Von Eschenbach and Commissioner Qu.
[Applause].
I would like to use that brief moment of break to introduce another person who’s very important to me, and that is my spouse, my wife, Mrs. Leavitt. She is here also.
[Applause].
For my colleagues who have just arrived, I have spent a little bit of time talking about the increased intersection of Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine. I’ve also spoken some about the import-safety Agreements we have been working on together. And now I’m just about ready to get down to the very important part of our time today. I want to hear from the students, and have a conversation with them. I’m going to invite all of you to be thinking about things you’d like to ask me. I may call on some of my colleagues to help me answer. Dr. Von Eschenbach, who just walked in, raise your hand. [Laughter]. Dr. Von Eschenbach is a very famous scientist and doctor in the United States, one of the most well-known cancer doctors in the world.
Mr. President, did you want to make a comment?
President Zhang: Will you take questions now from students?
Secretary Leavitt: Yes. Before we do that, I’m going to tell the students a little bit about me personally.
You might be curious about a little more than the President read about my personal background. When I was a small child, I lived in the American West, and I lived in a small town. In China, a small town is a million people. [Laughter]. I’m talking about a very small town. [Laughter]. It would be more like a village in China. [Laughter]. But my family owned a ranch, where we had horses and cattle. You’ve heard of American cowboys? [Laughter]. My family was a family of cowboys. [Laughter].
After I got tired of working that hard on the ranch, I decided I wanted to go to college and get an education, so I wouldn’t have to work that hard. [Laughter]. So, I had a business career before I got into public service. I worked in the private sector, in the insurance industry. After my wife Jackie and I became married, we had five children. [Laughter]. Families of that size are, of course, not as unusual in the United States as they might be in other countries. We also now have three grandchildren. [Laughter]. So, we have a very nice family.
About 16 years ago, I ran for office in the State where I lived, and I was elected Governor of the State of Utah. Most of you will know where Las Vegas is? It’s close to Las Vegas, and about an hour’s flight from Los Angeles.
Something we have in common between my home State of Utah and Beijing is that in 2002, while I was the Governor of that state, we hosted the 2002 Winter Olympic Games. So, I am very aware of how much work it is to put on an Olympic games, and all of the preparation you are doing now to receive the world.
One of my favorite moments at the Olympic Games was an evening in the speed-skating contest. There was a Chinese skater by the name of Yang Yang A -- [Voices]. She was skating for the first Gold Medal in speed skating in Olympic history by a Chinese athlete. Everyone in the arena knew that history was about to be made. She skated with grace and speed unlike I had ever seen before. [Applause]. When she crossed the finish line she put both hands into the air. I looked around the arena, and everybody had two hands in the air. [Laughter]. It wasn’t just a Gold Medal for China, it was a happy moment for everyone. I predict all of China will feel the same way when you have a chance to receive the world here and do what I know will be a very good job with the Olympic Games.
That’s a little bit about me. Now let’s see who the first courageous person will be who will ask a question. [Laughter].
Question: My name is [inaudible]. I am a student of traditional Chinese pharmacy. Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history in China, and has made a great contribution to the Chinese nation. We hope traditional Chinese medicine will gain acceptance around the world, including in the United States. Can you please give me your views on this?
Secretary Leavitt: Thank you very much. That’s a well-stated question. [Laughter and applause].
I believe traditional Chinese medicine will grow as the research necessary to give Western practitioners confidence increases. It’s very clear to me it has a remarkable and large contribution to make. With so many people around the world in need of health care, and the cost of it going up, we are all quite interested in how it can add value and how it can add healing to people who currently have none.
I’ll invite Dr. Von Eschenbach to make a brief comment about that if you’d like to. He is the head of our Food and Drug Administration, and you might have some advice for them. [Applause].
Dr. von Eschenbach: In my own career as a physician, specializing in cancer, I have had a long-standing interest in traditional Chinese medicine. In the United States, that interest is continuing to grow, and patients in the United States are very interested as well. So, at the National Institutes of Health and at the National Cancer Institute, where I was the Director, we were funding much research in traditional Chinese medicine. Many patients who are receiving traditional Western medicine are also using forms of traditional Chinese medicine as well, including things like herbs and green tea. [Laughter].
Secretary Leavitt: Thank you, Dr. Van Eschenbach.
[Applause].
Question: Dennis [inaudible], [inaudible]. So I wonder, when you were Governor, what manner have you used to improve public health to make the people in Utah have a better life. Will you please tell us one example or two? Thank you very much.
[Applause].
Secretary Leavitt: In the United States, almost 75 percent of all expenditures for health care now comes from the treatment of chronic diseases. What we know about chronic diseases is that they are, in large measure, preventable, or at least manageable, which means the power to prevent illness lies within every person. The most important message we have provided in advice to our citizens would be to avoid behaviors that can cause you to become sick. I’m talking about basic things like avoiding tobacco, about avoiding the use of drugs or limiting the use of alcohol, and other high-risk behavior. So we know, in many respects, how to keep people healthy, but it requires each of us to behave in a way that will ultimately produce a positive outcome. We continue to focus intensely in our country in trying to help people eat a balanced, healthy diet, and to exercise. Those are very basic things, and won’t surprise any of you, but they’re fundamentally true.
Our goal is to help people stay healthy, not to just treat them after they get sick. We have a lot of room for improvement in the United States. I’m guessing you do in China, too.
[Applause].
Question: Good afternoon, Mr. Leavitt. [Inaudible]. I am an Olympic volunteer. Would you please allow me to give you a gift?
Secretary Leavitt: I would be delighted to add that to my Olympic collection. Thank you very much.
Question: In return, can you give us some advice about history the Olympic Games?
Secretary Leavitt: I will give you some advice about the Olympics. The key are the volunteers and the people. That’s what makes the Olympic games work when it comes right down to it. [Applause]. It’s the spirit of the Olympics that permeates everyone who comes. When I finish today, I’m going to tell you one more story about the Olympics, but I’m going to save my advice until we’ve just about finished. [Laughter].
Question: Good afternoon, Mr. Leavitt. Actually I have three questions. [Laughter]. The first one, How can western researchers understand traditional Chinese medicine enough to do research on it? This is the first question. [Laughter].
The second one, you are visiting our university and also the clinic. [Inaudible]. After that can you give us a conclusion about what you have seen of traditional Chinese medicine? Especially when [inaudible]. And what are you going to do to promote traditional Chinese medicine? Thank you very much. [Applause.
Secretary Leavitt: Can I just, I want to be quite general in answering you, because I think you’ve asked a very big question. [Laughter].
Question: I think the first one is we have a different understanding --
Secretary Leavitt: I understand.
Question: How can you do it, your researchers to understand Chinese medicine, to do their research?
Secretary Leavitt: I think the question you’ve asked is an excellent question, and it’s not just applicable to traditional Chinese medicine. We are all people, but we’re living in societies with different cultures and different systems of Government, and yet we now live in a world that’s becoming global in the way the market works. The key is not to change either system. The key is to build a bridge between them. We found this in the negotiation of agreements that we’re ready to sign. Two different systems, but a common goal. That kind of problem with different systems but a common goal can only be solved when people sit and talk and work to find a collaborative solution, and to understand first. A very wise person once said we need to seek first to understand. Once we understand what the other is thinking, we’re able to find the bridges faster. That’s one of the reasons I’m so hopeful about these agreements that we’re going to be signing. They represent a very good start. We’re committing ourselves mutually to do a lot more work together. The agreements we sign tomorrow will produce value only if we keep working. That will be true in traditional Chinese medicine, and it will be true in food safety, and it will be true in everything we do together as countries.
We’ve got time for one more question, then I have some advice to give you about the Olympics.
Question: Thank you for coming here and giving us a special lecture. My name is Ling Chau from School of Acupuncture. We all know that acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine has been covered by the medical-insurance system here in China. What’s the situation in the U.S.? Does the U.S. Government have any plans to give coverage for traditional Chinese medicine?
Secretary Leavitt: That’s a very good question. It deserves a better answer than I’m able to give you.
There are certain conditions under which it can be covered in our insurance system, and certain conditions in which it doesn’t. But I’m just going to acknowledge that you've asked a good question. I’ll tell you what I’m going to do. I have begun to write a blog. [Laughter]. I’m going to remember your question, and I’m going to write on my blog about that. [Applause]. So you can all tune in in a few days or a week or two. It might take me a couple of weeks, but I will answer your question.
You can get to my blog by going to
www.hhs.gov. In the middle of the page, click on Secretary’s Blog.
Let me just tell you one more experience about the Olympics. I could talk about the Olympics all day long. [Laughter]. One of the best things about being Governor during the Olympics was I got wonderful seats. [Laughter]. On the final night of the figure-skating contest, I was sitting right down on the ice, so I could see the skaters as they came out onto the ice. There was a young skater who was at the time 16 years old. She was in fourth place going into the last night. She, I’m sure, didn’t expect that she was going to win, but as she skated out on the ice she looked around in the arena. There were 25,000 people there to watch her skate, and a billion people from all over the world watching on television. The music began to play, and she began to skate. It was like the entire arena was skating with her. She skated as though the only thing that mattered was enjoying skating. She just skated with a grace that I had never seen before, and it was like she wasn’t even in the competition. She was just enjoying the experience of being in that arena and knowing that she was skating together with the hearts of everyone that was there.
When the music stopped, her hands went in the air, just like Yang Yang A. [Laughter]. Flowers started to fly down on to the ice from everywhere. You could tell just from looking at her, that she had done exactly what she wanted to do. Her name was Sarah Hughes. She was 16 years old. That night the number one, the number two and the number three all did less than they had expected, and Sara Hughes won a Gold Medal.
The next day, I went to a news conference, and here was this 16-year- old girl and probably 400 reporters and television cameras all pointed at her. [Laughter]. How do you feel, I asked? She said, “First, I’m so grateful that I was able to skate to represent my country.” “But most of all,” she said, “I’m grateful that I had a chance to skate at all.” She said, “Most people don’t have the opportunity to skate the performance of their life, and I did.”
So here’s my advice. Don’t miss the chance to skate the performance of your life.
[Applause].
Enjoy the Olympics, and do the best job the Olympics has ever had, and we look forward to enjoying it as the rest of the world will.
Thank you all.
[Applause].
President Zhang: Thank you very much for your marvelous speech. Your speech was filled with humor, was thought-provoking and warm as well. We benefited a great deal from your speech.
Let’s hear it for the Honorable Secretary, another round of applause. Thank you.
[Applause].
On behalf of the university, we have, Mr.Secretary this gift to show our appreciation.
Secretary Leavitt: There’s not going to be a test on this, is there? [Laughter and applause].
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